Research Breaks Down 3 Gender Differences in Leadership Expectations

by | Oct 1, 2023 | Female Leadership, Mindset

The key to being perceived as a formidable leader? Juggle communal leadership styles with unwavering self-esteem and self-confidence. It's a superpower that can empower you to navigate the complex world of leadership successfully.

As you dive headfirst into the professional world, let’s chat about something crucial: self-confidence in women’s leadership. It’s a topic that’s gained spotlight, especially with Virginia Rometty becoming IBM’s first female CEO. Her journey reflects the importance of self-confidence, and we’re here to break it down for you, drawing wisdom from Leslie Pratch’s research.

Self-Confidence and Success: The Perfect Pair

Picture this: you’ve just snagged your dream job, brimming with knowledge and enthusiasm. But, here’s the catch – that little voice inside your head starts whispering, “Do I really belong here?” Don’t fret; we’ve all been there.

The Self-Confidence Gender Gap: Insights from Pratch

Leslie Pratch’s research in assessing executives for top roles uncovers a pivotal component of success – self-confidence. Her journey, dating back to the ’90s at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, aimed to unveil long-term predictors of leadership, exploring the intricate connections between gender, coping strategies, and motivation in gauging leadership prowess.

Surprising Gender Differences in Coping

One of Pratch’s most striking findings was the gender-based disparity in active coping mechanisms. While both men and women demonstrated active coping, its impact on leadership effectiveness differed based on gender. The core measure of active coping, signaling adaptability under stress, emerged as a critical predictor for both genders.

Breaking Down the Gender Divide

But here’s where it gets interesting: when Pratch delved into the components of active coping, she uncovered noteworthy gender-based distinctions:

    1. Taking on External Challenges: This measure, about facing challenges head-on and externalizing them, was a significant predictor of leadership for women but not so much for men.

    2. No to Defensive Vagueness: This metric, assessing resistance to vague and ambiguous communication, played a substantial role in women’s leadership effectiveness but not in men’s.

    3. The Power of Self-Confidence: Interestingly, a measure gauging self-confidence and self-esteem significantly correlated with leadership among women but didn’t carry the same weight for men.

Gender-Based Expectations and Leadership Styles

Expectations rooted in gender heavily influence leadership styles. Women often lean towards communal qualities, emphasizing affiliation, empathy, spontaneity, and emotional expressiveness. In contrast, men are encouraged to exhibit agentic traits, like independence, assertiveness, and instrumental competence.

Leadership Styles and Gender Roles

These expectations translate into leadership styles – women are expected to lead collaboratively (interpersonally oriented), while men’s leadership is seen as more task-oriented and dominant. When women leaders adopt a more masculine style, they risk amplifying role conflicts and facing unfair evaluations.

The Freedom of Male Leaders

Male leaders, on the other hand, experience fewer role conflicts because leadership expectations align with societal beliefs about male behavior. Men are often free to express leadership in various styles without encountering backlash. Notably, self-confidence is a trait expected from male leaders, and Pratch’s findings suggest it doesn’t significantly predict judgments of men’s leadership.

The Call for Self-Confidence in Women Leaders

So, what’s the takeaway for women leaders? To be seen as effective leaders, they must strike a balance between communal leadership styles and unwavering self-confidence. This unique ability to navigate challenges confidently while leading in a communal manner empowers women to transcend constraints often placed on their leadership style.

Conclusion: Embrace Your Superpower

In a nutshell, Pratch’s research shines a light on the distinctive challenges faced by women leaders. The key to being perceived as a formidable leader? Juggle communal leadership styles with unwavering self-esteem and self-confidence. It’s a superpower that can empower you to navigate the complex world of leadership successfully. Virginia Rometty’s journey stands as a testament to these qualities in action, showcasing how self-confidence can truly transform the realm of women’s leadership. So, recent grad, remember: you have what it takes; own your journey with confidence!

By <a href="https://executiveinsider.org/author/torah-bontrager/" target="_self">Torah Bontrager, Executive Insider Co-Founder</a>
By Torah Bontrager, Executive Insider Co-Founder
I'm a first generation female college student and professional. I know how hard it is to navigate the corporate world alone after graduating. We don't have the luxury of relying on the networks of family members/childhood friends to open doors. I help new grads & FGPs like you fill the gap between what you learned in college and what you need to learn to get that job you thought your degree was going to give you. I earned a BA in Philosophy from Columbia University in New York City and a Master’s of Education (M.Ed.) in Advanced Teaching, specializing in Literature and Writing (’26).

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